模块 Bundler
Bundler
通过跟踪和安装所需的精确 gem 及其版本,为 Ruby 项目提供了一致的环境。
Bundler
是 Ruby 标准库的一部分。
Bundler
的使用方法是创建 gemfiles 文件,其中列出了所有项目依赖项以及(可选的)它们的版本,然后使用
require 'bundler/setup'
或 Bundler.setup
来设置环境,在该环境中只能使用指定的 gem 及其指定的版本。
有关 gemfiles 创建和 Bundler
使用的详细文档,请参见 Bundler 网站。
作为项目内的标准库,Bundler
可以用于内省加载和所需的模块。
此代码摘自 github.com/Solistra/ruby-digest,该代码在公共领域下。
常量
- 弃用
- FREEBSD
- NULL
- ORIGINAL_ENV
- SUDO_MUTEX
- VERSION
- WINDOWS
公共类方法
返回从给定 uri
派生的 Bundler::URI 对象,该 uri
可以是 Bundler::URI 字符串或现有的 Bundler::URI 对象
# Returns a new Bundler::URI. uri = Bundler::URI('http://github.com/ruby/ruby') # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://github.com/ruby/ruby> # Returns the given Bundler::URI. Bundler::URI(uri) # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://github.com/ruby/ruby>
# File bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb, line 865 def URI(uri) if uri.is_a?(Bundler::URI::Generic) uri elsif uri = String.try_convert(uri) Bundler::URI.parse(uri) else raise ArgumentError, "bad argument (expected Bundler::URI object or Bundler::URI string)" end end
# File bundler.rb, line 345 def app_cache(custom_path = nil) path = custom_path || root Pathname.new(path).join(settings.app_cache_path) end
# File bundler.rb, line 331 def app_config_path if app_config = ENV["BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG"] app_config_pathname = Pathname.new(app_config) if app_config_pathname.absolute? app_config_pathname else app_config_pathname.expand_path(root) end else root.join(".bundle") end end
如果 Bundler.settings[:auto_install]
存在,则自动安装依赖项。 这通过 config cmd ‘bundle config set –global auto_install
1` 来设置。
请注意,此方法会将全局 Definition
对象设置为“nil”,因此应该首先调用它,然后再实例化任何像 `Installer` 这样的对象,它将保留对旧对象的引用。
# File bundler.rb, line 183 def auto_install return unless settings[:auto_install] begin definition.specs rescue GemNotFound, GitError ui.info "Automatically installing missing gems." reset! CLI::Install.new({}).run reset! end end
# File bundler.rb, line 173 def auto_switch self_manager.restart_with_locked_bundler_if_needed end
返回 binstubs 安装到的绝对位置。
# File bundler.rb, line 121 def bin_path @bin_path ||= begin path = settings[:bin] || "bin" path = Pathname.new(path).expand_path(root).expand_path mkdir_p(path) path end end
返回 gem 安装在文件系统上的绝对路径。
# File bundler.rb, line 103 def bundle_path @bundle_path ||= Pathname.new(configured_bundle_path.path).expand_path(root) end
# File bundler/version.rb, line 6 def self.bundler_major_version @bundler_major_version ||= VERSION.split(".").first.to_i end
@deprecated 请改用 ‘unbundled_env`
# File bundler.rb, line 371 def clean_env message = "`Bundler.clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`" removed_message = "`Bundler.clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true) unbundled_env end
@deprecated 请改用 ‘unbundled_exec`
# File bundler.rb, line 442 def clean_exec(*args) message = "`Bundler.clean_exec` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \ "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`" removed_message = "`Bundler.clean_exec` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \ "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
@deprecated 请改用 ‘unbundled_system`
# File bundler.rb, line 420 def clean_system(*args) message = "`Bundler.clean_system` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \ "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`" removed_message = "`Bundler.clean_system` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \ "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.system(*args) } end
# File bundler.rb, line 566 def clear_gemspec_cache @gemspec_cache = {} end
# File bundler.rb, line 89 def configure @configure ||= configure_gem_home_and_path end
# File bundler.rb, line 629 def configure_gem_home_and_path(path = bundle_path) configure_gem_path configure_gem_home(path) Bundler.rubygems.clear_paths end
# File bundler.rb, line 116 def configured_bundle_path @configured_bundle_path ||= settings.path.tap(&:validate!) end
# File bundler.rb, line 107 def create_bundle_path mkdir_p(bundle_path) unless bundle_path.exist? @bundle_path = bundle_path.realpath rescue Errno::EEXIST raise PathError, "Could not install to path `#{bundle_path}` " \ "because a file already exists at that path. Either remove or rename the file so the directory can be created." end
返回当前 Ruby 版本
@return [CurrentRuby] 当前 Ruby 版本
# File bundler/current_ruby.rb, line 7 def self.current_ruby @current_ruby ||= CurrentRuby.new end
# File bundler.rb, line 471 def default_bundle_dir SharedHelpers.default_bundle_dir end
# File bundler.rb, line 463 def default_gemfile SharedHelpers.default_gemfile end
# File bundler.rb, line 467 def default_lockfile SharedHelpers.default_lockfile end
返回给定 Gemfile 和 lockfile 的 Bundler::Definition
的实例
@param unlock [Hash, Boolean, nil] 已请求的 Gem
to be updated or true if all gems should be updated
@param lockfile [Pathname] Gemfile.lock 的路径 @return [Bundler::Definition]
# File bundler.rb, line 234 def definition(unlock = nil, lockfile = default_lockfile) @definition = nil if unlock @definition ||= begin configure Definition.build(default_gemfile, lockfile, unlock) end end
# File bundler.rb, line 223 def environment SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "Bundler.environment has been removed in favor of Bundler.load", print_caller_location: true load end
# File bundler.rb, line 575 def feature_flag @feature_flag ||= FeatureFlag.new(VERSION) end
# File bundler.rb, line 512 def find_executable(path) extensions = RbConfig::CONFIG["EXECUTABLE_EXTS"]&.split extensions = [RbConfig::CONFIG["EXEEXT"]] unless extensions&.any? candidates = extensions.map {|ext| "#{path}#{ext}" } candidates.find {|candidate| File.file?(candidate) && File.executable?(candidate) } end
# File bundler.rb, line 242 def frozen_bundle? frozen = settings[:frozen] return frozen unless frozen.nil? settings[:deployment] end
# File bundler/version.rb, line 10 def self.gem_version @gem_version ||= Gem::Version.create(VERSION) end
# File bundler.rb, line 570 def git_present? return @git_present if defined?(@git_present) @git_present = Bundler.which("git") end
# File bundler.rb, line 309 def home bundle_path.join("bundler") end
# File bundler.rb, line 313 def install_path home.join("gems") end
# File bundler.rb, line 219 def load @load ||= Runtime.new(root, definition) end
# File bundler.rb, line 539 def load_gemspec(file, validate = false) @gemspec_cache ||= {} key = File.expand_path(file) @gemspec_cache[key] ||= load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate) # Protect against caching side-effected gemspecs by returning a # new instance each time. @gemspec_cache[key]&.dup end
# File bundler.rb, line 548 def load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate = false) path = Pathname.new(file) contents = read_file(file) spec = if contents.start_with?("---") # YAML header eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) else # Eval the gemspec from its parent directory, because some gemspecs # depend on "./" relative paths. SharedHelpers.chdir(path.dirname.to_s) do eval_gemspec(path, contents) end end return unless spec spec.loaded_from = path.expand_path.to_s Bundler.rubygems.validate(spec) if validate spec end
# File bundler.rb, line 579 def load_plugins(definition = Bundler.definition) return if defined?(@load_plugins_ran) Bundler.rubygems.load_plugins requested_path_gems = definition.requested_specs.select {|s| s.source.is_a?(Source::Path) } path_plugin_files = requested_path_gems.flat_map do |spec| spec.matches_for_glob("rubygems_plugin#{Bundler.rubygems.suffix_pattern}") rescue TypeError error_message = "#{spec.name} #{spec.version} has an invalid gemspec" raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, error_message end Bundler.rubygems.load_plugin_files(path_plugin_files) Bundler.rubygems.load_env_plugins @load_plugins_ran = true end
# File bundler.rb, line 458 def local_platform return Gem::Platform::RUBY if settings[:force_ruby_platform] Gem::Platform.local end
# File bundler.rb, line 249 def locked_gems @locked_gems ||= if defined?(@definition) && @definition definition.locked_gems elsif Bundler.default_lockfile.file? lock = Bundler.read_file(Bundler.default_lockfile) LockfileParser.new(lock) end end
# File bundler.rb, line 492 def mkdir_p(path) SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :create) do |p| FileUtils.mkdir_p(p) end end
@return [Hash] 激活 Bundler
之前的环境
# File bundler.rb, line 366 def original_env ORIGINAL_ENV.clone end
使用激活 Bundler
之前的环境对子命令运行 ‘Kernel.exec`
# File bundler.rb, line 437 def original_exec(*args) with_original_env { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
使用激活 Bundler
之前的环境运行子命令
# File bundler.rb, line 415 def original_system(*args) with_original_env { Kernel.system(*args) } end
# File bundler.rb, line 484 def preferred_gemfile_name Bundler.settings[:init_gems_rb] ? "gems.rb" : "Gemfile" end
# File bundler.rb, line 520 def read_file(file) SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file, :read) do File.open(file, "r:UTF-8", &:read) end end
如果尚未设置,则设置 Bundler
环境(请参阅 Bundler.setup
),并从指定的组中加载所有 gem。与 ::setup
不同,可以多次调用,使用不同的组(如果 setup 允许)。
假设 Gemfile
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
代码将按如下方式工作
Bundler.setup # allow all groups Bundler.require(:default) # requires only first_gem # ...later Bundler.require(:test) # requires second_gem
# File bundler.rb, line 214 def require(*groups) load_plugins setup(*groups).require(*groups) end
# File bundler/vendored_thor.rb, line 4 def self.require_thor_actions require_relative "vendor/thor/lib/thor/actions" end
# File bundler.rb, line 596 def reset! reset_paths! Plugin.reset! reset_rubygems! end
# File bundler.rb, line 607 def reset_paths! @bin_path = nil @bundler_major_version = nil @bundle_path = nil @configure = nil @configured_bundle_path = nil @definition = nil @load = nil @locked_gems = nil @root = nil @settings = nil @setup = nil @user_home = nil end
# File bundler.rb, line 622 def reset_rubygems! return unless defined?(@rubygems) && @rubygems rubygems.undo_replacements rubygems.reset @rubygems = nil end
# File bundler.rb, line 602 def reset_settings_and_root! @settings = nil @root = nil end
# File bundler.rb, line 355 def rm_rf(path) FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path) if path && File.exist?(path) end
# File bundler.rb, line 321 def root @root ||= begin SharedHelpers.root rescue GemfileNotFound bundle_dir = default_bundle_dir raise GemfileNotFound, "Could not locate Gemfile or .bundle/ directory" unless bundle_dir Pathname.new(File.expand_path("..", bundle_dir)) end end
# File bundler.rb, line 259 def ruby_scope "#{Bundler.rubygems.ruby_engine}/#{RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_version"]}" end
# File bundler/rubygems_integration.rb, line 465 def self.rubygems @rubygems ||= RubygemsIntegration.new end
# File bundler.rb, line 526 def safe_load_marshal(data) if Gem.respond_to?(:load_safe_marshal) Gem.load_safe_marshal begin Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load(data) rescue Gem::SafeMarshal::Reader::Error, Gem::SafeMarshal::Visitors::ToRuby::Error => e raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}" end else load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: SafeMarshal.proc) end end
# File bundler.rb, line 635 def self_manager @self_manager ||= begin require_relative "bundler/self_manager" Bundler::SelfManager.new end end
# File bundler.rb, line 359 def settings @settings ||= Settings.new(app_config_path) rescue GemfileNotFound @settings = Settings.new end
开启 Bundler
运行时。调用 Bundler.setup
后,只有 Gemfile 中或者 Ruby 标准库中的 gem 才能被 load
或 require
。如果 Gemfile 中指定了版本,则只会加载这些版本。
假设 Gemfile
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
使用 Bundler.setup
的代码工作方式如下:
require 'third_gem' # allowed, required from global gems require 'first_gem' # allowed, loads the last installed version Bundler.setup require 'fourth_gem' # fails with LoadError require 'second_gem' # loads exactly version 1.0
Bundler.setup
只能被调用一次,所有后续调用都将无效。
如果提供了 *groups* 列表,则只允许使用指定分组中的 gem(在分组之外指定的 gem 属于特殊的 :default
分组)。
要 require Gemfile 中的所有 gem(或仅某些分组),请参阅 Bundler.require
。
# File bundler.rb, line 157 def setup(*groups) # Return if all groups are already loaded return @setup if defined?(@setup) && @setup definition.validate_runtime! SharedHelpers.print_major_deprecations! if groups.empty? # Load all groups, but only once @setup = load.setup else load.setup(*groups) end end
# File bundler.rb, line 317 def specs_path bundle_path.join("specifications") end
# File bundler.rb, line 475 def system_bindir # Gem.bindir doesn't always return the location that RubyGems will install # system binaries. If you put '-n foo' in your .gemrc, RubyGems will # install binstubs there instead. Unfortunately, RubyGems doesn't expose # that directory at all, so rather than parse .gemrc ourselves, we allow # the directory to be set as well, via `bundle config set --local bindir foo`. Bundler.settings[:system_bindir] || Bundler.rubygems.gem_bindir end
# File bundler.rb, line 350 def tmp(name = Process.pid.to_s) Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") Pathname.new(Dir.mktmpdir(["bundler", name])) end
# File bundler.rb, line 93 def ui (defined?(@ui) && @ui) || (self.ui = UI::Shell.new) end
# File bundler.rb, line 97 def ui=(ui) Bundler.rubygems.ui = UI::RGProxy.new(ui) @ui = ui end
从 ENV 中删除所有与 bundler 相关的变量
# File bundler.rb, line 388 def unbundle_env! ENV.replace(unbundle_env(ENV)) end
@return [Hash] 已删除所有与 bundler 相关变量的环境
# File bundler.rb, line 383 def unbundled_env unbundle_env(original_env) end
在已删除所有与 bundler 相关变量的环境中,对子命令运行 'Kernel.exec'
# File bundler.rb, line 454 def unbundled_exec(*args) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
在已删除所有与 bundler 相关变量的环境中运行子命令
# File bundler.rb, line 432 def unbundled_system(*args) with_unbundled_env { Kernel.system(*args) } end
# File bundler.rb, line 488 def use_system_gems? configured_bundle_path.use_system_gems? end
# File bundler.rb, line 287 def user_bundle_path(dir = "home") env_var, fallback = case dir when "home" ["BUNDLE_USER_HOME", proc { Pathname.new(user_home).join(".bundle") }] when "cache" ["BUNDLE_USER_CACHE", proc { user_bundle_path.join("cache") }] when "config" ["BUNDLE_USER_CONFIG", proc { user_bundle_path.join("config") }] when "plugin" ["BUNDLE_USER_PLUGIN", proc { user_bundle_path.join("plugin") }] else raise BundlerError, "Unknown user path requested: #{dir}" end # `fallback` will already be a Pathname, but Pathname.new() is # idempotent so it's OK Pathname.new(ENV.fetch(env_var, &fallback)) end
# File bundler.rb, line 305 def user_cache user_bundle_path("cache") end
# File bundler.rb, line 263 def user_home @user_home ||= begin home = Bundler.rubygems.user_home bundle_home = home ? File.join(home, ".bundle") : nil warning = if home.nil? "Your home directory is not set." elsif !File.directory?(home) "`#{home}` is not a directory." elsif !File.writable?(home) && (!File.directory?(bundle_home) || !File.writable?(bundle_home)) "`#{home}` is not writable." end if warning Bundler.ui.warn "#{warning}\n" user_home = tmp_home_path Bundler.ui.warn "Bundler will use `#{user_home}' as your home directory temporarily.\n" user_home else Pathname.new(home) end end end
# File bundler.rb, line 498 def which(executable) executable_path = find_executable(executable) return executable_path if executable_path if (paths = ENV["PATH"]) quote = '"' paths.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).find do |path| path = path[1..-2] if path.start_with?(quote) && path.end_with?(quote) executable_path = find_executable(File.expand_path(executable, path)) return executable_path if executable_path end end end
@deprecated 请改用 'with_unbundled_env'
# File bundler.rb, line 398 def with_clean_env message = "`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`" removed_message = "`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation(2, message, removed_message: removed_message, print_caller_location: true) with_env(unbundled_env) { yield } end
# File bundler/friendly_errors.rb, line 115 def self.with_friendly_errors FriendlyErrors.enable! yield rescue SignalException raise rescue Exception => e # rubocop:disable Lint/RescueException raise if FriendlyErrors.disabled? FriendlyErrors.log_error(e) exit FriendlyErrors.exit_status(e) end
在 Bundler
激活之前的环境中运行代码块
# File bundler.rb, line 393 def with_original_env with_env(original_env) { yield } end
在已删除所有与 bundler 相关变量的环境中运行代码块
# File bundler.rb, line 410 def with_unbundled_env with_env(unbundled_env) { yield } end
私有类方法
# File bundler.rb, line 699 def configure_gem_home(path) Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_HOME", path.to_s end
# File bundler.rb, line 690 def configure_gem_path unless use_system_gems? # this needs to be empty string to cause # PathSupport.split_gem_path to only load up the # Bundler --path setting as the GEM_PATH. Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_PATH", "" end end
# File bundler.rb, line 682 def eval_gemspec(path, contents) eval(contents, TOPLEVEL_BINDING.dup, path.expand_path.to_s) rescue ScriptError, StandardError => e msg = "There was an error while loading `#{path.basename}`: #{e.message}" raise GemspecError, Dsl::DSLError.new(msg, path.to_s, e.backtrace, contents) end
# File bundler.rb, line 674 def eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) Kernel.require "psych" Gem::Specification.from_yaml(contents) rescue ::Psych::SyntaxError, ArgumentError, Gem::EndOfYAMLException, Gem::Exception eval_gemspec(path, contents) end
# File bundler.rb, line 668 def load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: nil) Marshal.load(data, marshal_proc) rescue TypeError => e raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}" end
# File bundler.rb, line 703 def tmp_home_path Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(Dir.tmpdir) do path = Bundler.tmp at_exit { Bundler.rm_rf(path) } path end end
# File bundler.rb, line 644 def unbundle_env(env) if env.key?("BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH") env["MANPATH"] = env["BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH"] end env.delete_if {|k, _| k[0, 7] == "BUNDLE_" } env.delete("BUNDLER_SETUP") if env.key?("RUBYOPT") rubyopt = env["RUBYOPT"].split(" ") rubyopt.delete("-r#{File.expand_path("bundler/setup", __dir__)}") rubyopt.delete("-rbundler/setup") env["RUBYOPT"] = rubyopt.join(" ") end if env.key?("RUBYLIB") rubylib = env["RUBYLIB"].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) rubylib.delete(__dir__) env["RUBYLIB"] = rubylib.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) end env end
@param env [Hash]
# File bundler.rb, line 713 def with_env(env) backup = ENV.to_hash ENV.replace(env) yield ensure ENV.replace(backup) end
私有实例方法
返回从给定 uri
派生的 Bundler::URI 对象,该 uri
可以是 Bundler::URI 字符串或现有的 Bundler::URI 对象
# Returns a new Bundler::URI. uri = Bundler::URI('http://github.com/ruby/ruby') # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://github.com/ruby/ruby> # Returns the given Bundler::URI. Bundler::URI(uri) # => #<Bundler::URI::HTTP http://github.com/ruby/ruby>
# File bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb, line 865 def URI(uri) if uri.is_a?(Bundler::URI::Generic) uri elsif uri = String.try_convert(uri) Bundler::URI.parse(uri) else raise ArgumentError, "bad argument (expected Bundler::URI object or Bundler::URI string)" end end